Research Publications

Hazra, V., & Bhagat, K. K. (2026). Liquid-Gait: Bio-adaptive AI for mitigating virtual reality cybersickness on omnidirectional treadmills. In 2026 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW) (pp. 1063-1064). IEEE

Jha, N.K., Bhagat, K.K. (2026). Beyond the Basics: Unravelling AI Education Policies and Practices in Asia-Pacific. In: Wang, T., Keane, T. (eds) Artificial Intelligence for Advancing Education Quality and Inclusion. Springer, Cham

Rao, T. S. S., & Bhagat, K. K. (2026). Exploring Educational Game Analytics: Unveiling Player Strategies in Computational Thinking Game-Based Learning. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 1-23

Rao, T.S.S., Bhagat, K.K. (2026). Evaluating computational thinking skills in augmented reality game-based learning (AR-GBL) using eye-tracking and epistemic network analysis. Smart Learning Environments

Bhagat, K. K. (2025). Blended Learning Course Experiences in Higher Education Institutions in Mauritius. Burnaby, Canada: Commonwealth of Learning

Bhagat, K. K.*, Mishra, S., Parida, A. K., Samal, A., Lampropoulos, G., & Dixit, A. (2025). Analyzing the discourse on open educational resources on Twitter: a sentiment analysis approach. Educational Technology Research and Development, 1-24

Bhagat, K. K.*, Wang, T., Jha, N. K., & Lampropoulos, G. (2025). 360 VR (virtual reality) Educator: Transforming teachers into interactive content creators. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 41(3), 62-83

Bhagat, K. K., Rajendran, R., & Jha, N. K. (2025). From traditional to intelligent: How artificial intelligence (AI) is shaping online education in India. In P. K. Misra & N. S. Sabharwal (Eds.), India higher education report 2024: Technology and higher education (pp. 205-221). Routledge

Bhagat, K.K., Mishra, S. & Wang, T. (2025). Blended learning in Commonwealth countries: a comparative analysis of implementation and impact. Journal of Computers in Education

Durbarry, A., Chadeea, T. K., Bhagat, K. K., Mohee, R., & Mishra, S. (2025). Guiding change: Mainstreaming technology-enabled learning through a national agency (TEL Case Study). Burnaby, Canada: Commonwealth of Learning

Mishra, S., Jha, N. K., & Bhagat, K. K. (2025). Review and Validation of the Benchmarking of Technology-Enabled Learning. Journal of Learning for Development, 12(3), 450-468

Rao, T.S.S., Mitra, U., Bogawat, R., Shivam, S., Tiwari, A.S., Bhagat, K.K. (2025). Virtual Reality Experience of Newton's Rings: User Evaluation and Insights. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Technology 4 Education 2024, Volume 1. T4E 2024. Springer, Singapore

Rao, T.S.S., Tiwari, A.S., Mitra, U., Bhagat, K.K. (2025). Exploring the Acceptance of Augmented Reality Game-Based Application for Computational Thinking Development. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Technology 4 Education 2024, Volume 1. Springer, Singapore

Tiwari, A. S., Rao, T. S. S., Mitra, U., & Bhagat, K. K. (2025). Enhancing Engineering Drawing Education: Insights from ENA and Student Feedback Across Learning Modalities. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) (pp. 276-278). Changhua, Taiwan: IEEE Computer Society

Tiwari, A. S., Shalini, T., Mitra, U., & Bhagat, K. K. (2025). A dual-framework approach to evaluate markerless AR application: Insights from SUS and HARUS questionnaires. In B. Jiang et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Computers in Education. Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Tiwari, A.S., Rao, T.S.S., Mitra, U., Bhagat, K.K. (2025). Enhancing Engineering Drawing Motivation Through Augmented Reality. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Technology 4 Education 2024, Volume 1. Springer, Singapore

Wang, T., Bhagat, K.K. (2025). Theoretical Foundations, Models, and Frameworks of Blended Learning. In: Misra, P.K., Mishra, S., Panda, S. (eds) Case Studies on Blended Learning in Higher Education. Springer, Singapore

Yang, F. Y., Bhagat, K. K., Brandmo, C., Zhan, W. Y., & Braten, I. (2025). Modeling relationships among beliefs about scientific knowledge, beliefs about justification for knowing in science, and argumentative reasoning about a climate-related issue. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 40(1), 1-26

Yang, F. Y., Bhagat, K. K., Zhang, W. Y., Lampropoulos, G., & Guo, Y. T. (2025). Analysing the relationships between argumentative reasoning and justification beliefs and the effects of prior experience of scientific information. International Journal of Science Education, 1-25

Zheng, L., Bhagat, K. K., Long, M., & Jha, N. K. (2025). Improving CSCL Performance: A Quasi-experimental Study with Control and Intervention Groups Comparing Informative and Suggestive Feedback. SAGE Open, 15(3), 21582440251363298

Bhagat, K. K. (2024). Technology-Enabled Learning Practice in the Commonwealth Countries: A Research Synthesis. Burnaby, Canada: COL

Holly, M., Brettschuh, S., Tiwari, A. S., Bhagat, K. K., & Pirker, J. (2024). Game-Based Motivation: Enhancing Learning with Achievements in a Customizable Virtual Reality Environment. In Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (pp. 1-11). Trier, Germany: ACM

Jha, N. K., Bhowmik, P. K., & Bhagat, K. K. (2024). Review of different assessment methods used by online inquiry-based learning systems that support argumentation. In A. Kashihara et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Computers in Education (pp. 195-200). Quezon City, Philippines: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Jha, N.K., Bhowmik, P.K. & Bhagat, K.K*. (2024). Investigating the effect of multiple try-feedback on students computational thinking skills through online inquiry-based learning platform. Educational Technology Research and Development

Jha, N.K., Bhowmik, P.K., & Bhagat, K.K.* (2024). Online inquiry-based learning systems for argumentation: A systematic review. Educational Technology & Society, 27(3), 1-28

Rao, T. S. S., & Bhagat, K. K.* (2024). Computational thinking for the digital age: a systematic review of tools, pedagogical strategies, and assessment practices. Educational Technology Research and Development

Rao, T. S. S., Tiwari, A. S., Mitra, U., & Bhagat, K. K. (2024). Effectiveness of marker-based augmented reality game on computational thinking skills and cognitive load for middle school students. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) (pp. 222-226). Nicosia, North Cyprus: IEEE Computer Society

Tiwari, A. S., & Bhagat, K. K*. (2024). Comparative Analysis of Augmented Reality in Engineering Drawing Course: Assessing Spatial Visualization and Cognitive Load with Marker-Based, Markerless, and Web-Based Approaches. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 40(6), 19-36

Tiwari, A. S., Bhagat, K. K.*, & Lampropoulos, G. (2024). Designing and evaluating an augmented reality system for an engineering drawing course. Smart Learning Environments, 11(1), 1

Tiwari, A. S., Rao, T. S. S., Mitra, U., & Bhagat, K. K. (2024). Acceptance of an augmented reality application in an engineering drawing course. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT) (pp. 227-228). Nicosia, North Cyprus: IEEE Computer Society

Bhagat, K.K., Halupa, C., Ennis-Cole, D.L., Cullum, P.M., Morgan, K. (2023). Transformative Learning: A Section Introduction. In: Spector, M.J., Lockee, B.B., Childress, M.D. (eds) Learning, Design, and Technology. Springer, Cham

Jha, N.K., Bhowmik, P.K., & Bhagat, K. K. (2023). Usability Evaluation of an Online Inquiry-based Learning Platform for Computational Thinking (CT-ONLINQ). In M. Chang, N.-S. Chen, R. Kuo, G. Rudolph, D.G. Sampson, & A. Tlili (Eds). Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2023) (pp. 182-186). Utah, USA: IEEE Computer Society

Jha, N.K., Bhowmik, P.K., & Bhagat, K.K.* (2023). Immediate Feedback in Computational Thinking: Generating hints using a Knowledge Graph. In Shih, JL. et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE 2023) (pp.55-57). Matsue, Shimane prefecture, Japan: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Ma, S., Bhagat, K., Spector, J.M.*, Lin, L., Liu, D., Leng, J., Tiruneh, D., & Mancini, J. (2023). Developing Critical Thinking: A Review of Past Efforts as a Framework for a New Approach for Childhood Learning. In J.M. Spector, B.B. Lockee & M.D. Childress (Eds.), Learning, Design, and Technology. An International Compendium of Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. Cham: Springer International Publishing

Ma, S., Spector, J. M., Liu, D., Bhagat, K. K., Tiruneh, D., Mancini, J., . . . Kinshuk. (2023). Smart Learning in Support of Critical Thinking: Lessons Learned and a Theoretically and Research-Based Framework. In M. V. Albert, L. Lin, M. J. Spector & L. S. Dunn (Eds.), Bridging Human Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence (pp. 309-326). Cham: Springer International Publishing

Moro, C., Bhagat, K.K., Veer, V., Chinmay Varma, G., Das, A., & Birt, J. R. (2023). Indian and Australian University Students’ Acceptance of Using Accessible, Web-Based, and Smartphone-Delivered Augmented Reality in Tertiary Learning: A Cross-Country Analysis. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 20(6), 1-23

Tiwari, A.S., & Bhagat, K.K.* (2023). A Comparative Study of Traditional and Augmented Reality-Based Engineering Drawing Instruction: Effects on Visualization Skills and Cognitive Load. In Shih, JL. et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE 2023) (pp.400-405). Matsue, Shimane prefecture, Japan: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Gao, Y., & Bhagat, K. K*. (2022). Role of technology in implementing the flipped classroom: A review. In D. Fisher (Ed.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Education. London: Taylor & Francis/Routledge

Mondal, A. S., Zhu, Y., Bhagat, K. K*., & Giacaman, N. (2022). Analysing User Reviews of Interactive Educational Apps: A Sentiment Analysis Approach. Interactive Learning Environments

Sharma, V., Bhagat, K. K., Huang, H.-H., & Chen, N.-S. (2022). The design and evaluation of an AR-based serious game to teach programming. Computers & Graphics, 103, 1-18

Ziesche, S. & Bhagat, K. K. (2022). State of the Education Report for India 2022: Artificial Intelligence in Education. New Delhi, India: UNESCO

Bhagat, K. K*. Cheng, C.-H., Koneru, I., Fook, F.-S., & Chang, C.-Y. (2021). Students’ Blended Learning Course Experience Scale (BLCES): Development and Validation. Interactive Learning Environments

Bhagat, K. K*. Mishra, S., Dixit, A., & Chang, C.-Y. (2021).Public opinions about online learning during COVID-19: A Sentiment Analysis approach. Sustainability, 13(6), 3346

Bhagat, K. K., Yang, F.-Y., Cheng, C.-H., Zhang, Y., & Liou, W.-K. (2021). Tracking the process and motivation of math learning with augmented reality. Educational Technology Research and Development, 69(6), 3153-3178

Huang, H.-H., Sharma, V., Bhagat, K. K., Hsieh, W.-M., & Chen, N.-S. (2021). The Effects of an AR Programming Game on Students’ Different Prior Computational Thinking Skills. In Looi, C.K. et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 5th APSCE International Computational Thinking and STEM in Education Conference 2021(CTE-STEM 2021(pp.81-84). Singapore: National Institute of Education

Ioannou, A., Bhagat, K. K., & Johnson-Glenberg, M. C. (2021). Guest Editorial: Learning Experience Design: Embodiment, Gesture, and Interactivity in XR. Educational Technology & Society, 24 (2), 73–76

Yang, J., Tlili, A., Huang, R., Zhuang, R., & Bhagat, K. K. (2021). Development and Validation of a Digital Learning Competence Scale: A Comprehensive Review. Sustainability, 13(10), 5593

Bhagat, K. K. (2020). The Impact of Blended Learning at the Uganda Management Institute. Burnaby, Canada: COL

Bhagat, K.K*, & Fook, F.S. (2020).Methodological Challenges in Researching the Impact of Technology-Enabled Learning: The Case of Universiti Malaysia Sabah. In S. Mishra & S. Panda (Eds.), Technology-Enabled Learning: Policy, Pedagogy and Practice (pp. 119-127). Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning

Chandrakar M. & Bhagat, K. K*. (2020). Development of an Augmented Reality-based Game for the Projectile Motion. The Physics Teacher. 58(8), 668-669

Zheng, L., Bhagat, K. K*., Zhen, Y., & Zhang, X. (2020). The Effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom on Students’ Learning Achievement and Learning Motivation: A Meta-Analysis. Educational Technology & Society, 23 (1), 1–15

Bhagat, K. K. (2019). The Impact of Technology-Enabled Learning at Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Burnaby, Canada: COL

Bhagat, K. K., Liou, W. K., Spector, J. M. & Chang, C.-Y. (2019). To Use Augmented Reality or not in Formative Assessment: A Comparative Study. Interactive Learning Environments, 27(5-6), 830-840

Bhagat, K. K., Wu, L. Y., & Chang, C.-Y. (2019). The impact of personality on students' perceptions towards online learning. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. 35(4), 98-108

Bhagat, K.K.* (2019). Augmented reality research output from1990-2018: A bibliometric analysis. In Chang, M. et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE 2019) (pp.61-65). Kenting, Taiwan: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Díaz, P., Ioannou, A., Bhagat, K. K. & Spector, J. M. (Eds.) (2019). Learning in a Digital World - Perspective on Interactive Technologies for Formal and Informal Education. Singapore: Springer Singapore

Nigam, A., Bhagat, K.K.*, Chandrakar, M., & Goswami, P.K. (2019). Design and Development of an Augmented Reality Tracing Application for Kindergarten students. In Chang, M. et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conference on Technology for Education (T4E 2019) (pp.240-241). Goa, India: IEEE Computer Society

Sharma, V., Talukder, J., Bhagat, K.K.* (2019). CodAR: An Augmented Reality Based Game to Teach Programming. In Chang, M. et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE 2019) (pp.600-602). Kenting, Taiwan: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Yang, F.-Y. & Bhagat, K. K. (2019). Associations of Epistemic Beliefs in Science and Scientific Reasoning in University Students from Taiwan and India. International Journal of Science Education. 41:10, 1347-1365

Bhagat, K. K.*, & Huang, R. (2018). Improving Learners’ Experiences Through Authentic Learning in a Technology-Rich Classroom. In T.-W. Chang, R. Huang & Kinshuk (Eds.), Authentic Learning Through Advances in Technologies (pp. 3-15). Singapore: Springer Singapore

Bhagat, K. K., & Chang, C.-Y. (2018). Students’ Perceptions towards Online Learning: A Cross-Country Analysis. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 14(3), 987-995

Bhagat, K. K., Rodrigo, M. M. T., & Chang, C.-Y. (2018). Current status, challenges and opportunities of Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) in Developing Countries in Asia. In K. J. Kennedy & J. C.-K. Lee (Eds.), Routledge International Handbook of Schools and Schooling in Asia (pp. 382-395). New York: Routledge

Bhagat, K.K.*, & Spector, J. M. (2018). A bibliometric analysis of six years of research on flipped classroom. In M. Chang, N.-S. Chen, R. Huang, Kinshuk, K. Moudgalya, S. Murthy & D.G. Sampson (Eds). Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2018) (pp. 27-29). Mumbai, India: IEEE Computer Society

Cheng, C. H., Yang, F. Y., Bhagat, K. K*., Liou, W. K., Chang, C. Y., & Zhang, Y.(2018).Investigating the Learning Performance toward Geometry Learning in an Augmented Reality System. In Yang, J. C. et al. (Eds.). Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE 2018) (pp.337-339). Manila, Philippines: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Liou, W. K., Bhagat, K. K., & Chang, C.-Y. (2018). The Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Digital Interactive Globe System Integrated into an Earth Science Course. Educational technology research and development. 66(2), 545-561

Spector, J. M., & Bhagat, K. K. (2018). Promoting and Assessing Deep Learning Using Technology. In R. Z. Zheng (Ed.), Strategies for Deeper Learning with Digital Technology (pp. 37-50). New York: Nova Science Publishers

Zheng, L., Dong, Y., Huang, R., Chang, C.-Y., & Bhagat, K. K. (2018). Investigating the interrelationships among conceptions of, approaches to, and self-efficacy in learning science. International Journal of Science Education, 40(2), 139-158

Bhagat, K. K.*, & Spector, J. M. (2017). Authentic Learning in a Technology-Rich Classroom: Innovative Education in the Classroom. In Yang, J. C. et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE 2017) (pp.14-16). Christchurch, New Zealand: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education

Bhagat, K. K.*, & Spector, J. M. (2017). Formative Assessment in Complex Problem-Solving Domains: The Emerging Role of Assessment Technologies. Educational Technology & Society, 20(4), 312-317

Bhagat, K.K.*, Chang, C. -Y., & Huang, R. (2017). Integrating GeoGebra with TPACK in improving Pre-service Mathematics Teachers’ Professional Development. In M. Chang, N.-S. Chen, R. Huang, Kinshuk, D.G.Sampson & R. Vasiu (Eds). Proceedings of the17th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2017) (pp.313-314). Timisoara, Romania: IEEE Computer Society

Bhagat, K.K., Subheesh, N.P., Bhattacharya, B., Chang, C.-Y. (2017). The Design and Development of Identification of Students' Misconceptions in Individualized Learning Environment (iSMILE) System. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 13(1), 19-34

Liu, D., Bhagat, K. K.*, Gao, Y., Chang, T.-W., & Huang, R. (2017). The Potentials and Trends of Virtual Reality in Education. In D. Liu, C. Dede & J. Richards (Eds.), Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Realities in Education (pp. 105-130). Singapore: Springer Singapore

Bhagat, K. K., Chang, C. N., & Chang, C.-Y. (2016).The impact of the flipped classroom on mathematics concept learning in high school. Educational Technology & Society, 19(3), 134-142

Bhagat, K. K., Liou, W. K., & Chang, C.-Y. (2016). A Cost-Effective Interactive 3D Virtual Reality System Applied to Military Live Firing Training. Virtual Reality, 20(2), 127-140

Bhagat, K. K., Wu, L. Y., & Chang, C.-Y. (2016). Development and validation of the perception of students towards online learning (POSTOL). Educational Technology & Society, 19(1), 350-359

Liou, W. K., Bhagat, K. K., & Chang, C.-Y. (2016).Beyond the flipped classroom: A Highly Interactive Cloud-classroom (HIC) embedded into basic materials science courses. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(3), 460–473

Bhagat, K. K., & Chang, C.-Y. (2015). Incorporating GeoGebra into Geometry learning-A lesson from India. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 11(1), 77-86

Bhagat, K. K*. , & Chang, C.-Y. (2014). Visualizing Projectile motion using a dynamic mathematical software: GeoGebra. Proceedings of International Science Education Conference 2014(pp.143-159) (ISSN 2382-5979). Singapore: National Institute of Education.